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Patented June 2, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE T OF DELAWARE CHARLES FIELD RYLEY AND GEORGE ALEC AWCOCK, OF SPONDON, NEAR DERBY,

ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO CELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA,

A CORPORATION SOLUTIONS, COMPOSITIONS, OP PREPARATIONS FOR TEXTILE AND LIKE PURPOSES AND THEIR I APPLICATIONS No Drawing. Application filed m 28, 1924,.Serlal No. 728,789, and in Great Britain June 27, 1984.

I threads of silk, spun sil is put into mechanica operation.

This invention relates to new or improved sizing. solutions, compositions or preparations for textile yarnsor threads. The said.

solutions, compositions or preparations are more particularly applicable to yarns or or artificial silk, and especially yarns or threadsof or containing artificial filaments or fibres of cellulose acetate or other fatty acid esters ofcellulose, cellulose ethers and the like, but they may also be applied to textile yarns or threads generally, whether for warp or weft or any other purpose where sized yarns or threads are required.

For the sizing of yarns for textile purposes, various com ositions have been emplo ed in the form of solutions in volatile soli'ents. Such compositions suffer from the general de' feet that when they dry on the yarn sufli- 'ciently hard for sizing they are brittle and dust ofiin the form of owder when the yarn On the other-handrwhen the have been made sufficiently soft by the ad ition of oils, fats or the like to overcome this defect they. are sticky and form deposits which prevent part1 or'entirely.the running of the threads, s uttles,-

etc., in various operations on the looms knitting frames and other mechanical textiie ma chines. Also in operations such as war ing, such stickiness renders the use of threa 's'or yarns thus sized diflicult or impossible, as the layers of threads wound on the beams stick together and cannot be unwound in the looms-etc, without breakage or injury to the threads, thus rendering weaving etc. impossible or giving defective fabrics.

Moreover certain of these com ositions or preparations are liable to affect t e fibre detrimentally by chemical action if not removed soon after their application. According to the invention we make or employ sizing solutions, compositions or prepa-' rat ons comprising .or consisting. of one or moresalts or soaps of resin acids or salts or soaps of naphthenic acids (all hereinafter re ferredtoas salts of resinuous acids) associated with one or more fatty lubricating agents.

e prefer to employ resin acid salts or soaps for instance those of calcium, magnesium,

zinc, aluminium or equivalent soaps or salts, but any other soa s orsalts of such odies may be employed,inc uding, though with less ad vantage those of sodium, potassium or ammonium. The salts or soaps of naphthenic acids, when employed, should preferably be prepared from purified naphthenic acids.

of resinous acids, in combination with fatty lubricating agents, it is possible to obtain sizing solutions, composit ons or preparations of calcium, magnesium, zinc,-aluminium or other metals other than sodium or potassium, though we may use fatty acid soapsof sodium, potassium .or ammonium if desired. The aforesaid fatty acid soaps, while also having to some extent a lubricating property, tend to impart toughness and the-lsizing film or coating on i e yarns or threads.

(Spreferably fixed oils), fats,

We have found that by employing the salts I which give strong,,c0ntinuous films or sizing.

acids, these likewise being preferably soaps liability to In carrying outthe invention the salt or turpentine or similar organic volat1lesolv vents,- with admixture of the lubricating I agent or agents (and with or without the fatty acid soap or soaps). Suitable proportions are chosen so that after evaporation of the solvent a continuous coherent film or layer of the desired consistency or toughness remains on the threads or filaments, serving the purpose of a size, and not being brittle or sticky or liable to dust off.

The concentration of the sizing solutions, compositions or preparations may vary according to the method of application and the absorbent qualities of the yarn or thread. An appropriate effect can be obtained for example when a quantity of sizing constituent corresponding to about 5 to 10% of the weight of the yarn or thread remains after evaporation of the solvent. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is in no way restricted in this respect and that any higher or lower concentrations may be employed.

It is also to be understood that while it is preferable to employ volatile solvents as mentioned for dissolving and incorporating the salts of resinous acids with the fatty lubricating agent.or agents, we may according tothe temperature at which the size is to be applied or the nature of the constituents or other circumstances, employ solvents of higher boiling points for this purpose, or emulsifying agents, or, less advantageously, we may melt the resin salt or soap or analogous substance together with the lubricating agent or agents, or even in some cases use the latter at ordinary temperatures as solvents or blending agents for the salts of resinous acids. I

The following are some examples of suitable sites more particularly suitable for application by continuous winding to yarns of artificial silkybut also applicable to other yarns or threads, it being understood that these examples are given only by way of-illust-ration and that they can be varied widely. The parts are by weight.

The sizing solution, composition or preparation may be applied to the threads or yarns by any known or suitable method, for instance by dipping the yarn or thread in banks, in which case a suitably dilute or fluid solution, composition or preparation will be employed, or by the continuous winding method, e. g. winding the yarns or threads on reels, bobbins, beams or other devices and causing them in transit thereto to travel through a bath of the size or over rollers or surfaces supplied therewith, in such cases a more concentrated or less fluid solution, composition or preparation Will usually be employed.

The sizing solutions, compositions or preparations may be applied in the spinning of the yarns or threads, and c pecially they may be applied, as proposed and claimed in the specification of H. Dreyfus U. S. Patent No. 1,506,052, or corresponding British specification No. 210,266, to artificial yarns or threads of cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters or cellulose ethers continuously with their production by the dry or evaporative spinning method, that is to say in their travel from the extrusion jets or spinnerets to the winding or twisting and winding devices. 7

When the sizes are applied to threads or yarns by the continuous winding method, or when they are applied in the spinning of the yarns or threads, and especially when they are applied to yarns or threads of dry-spun cellulose esters or ethers continuously with the production thereof as before mentioned, it is important that the sizes shall be so constituted that in the time elapsing between the application of the size and the winding of the travelling thread on the wind up device the size shall dry sufliciently so as not to be sticky. v

The metallic salts or soaps may be prepared in any convenient manner for example by dissolving the oxide or carbonate of the metallic base in the melted resin or fatty acid or by double decomposition in aqueous solution of a sodium soap by a metallic salt. In

the'case of salts or soaps of naphthenic acids these may be made in any known way.

The proportions of the non-volatile ingredients of the sizing solutions, compositions or preparations may be varied at will according to the nature of the fibre to be treated, the consistency of the'sizing desired and the physical proporties required in the ultimate size, such as hardness and strength, pliability and toughness, lubrication. In employing the resinates or salts or soaps of resin acids or naphthenic acids (with or without the metallic or other soaps of fatty acids), together with oily, fatty or Waxy lubricants, examples of which are above mentioned, the proportions should be chosen so as to avoid excessive stickiness on the one hand and excessive greasiness on the other. The presence of the metallic bases in the solutions, compositions .or preparations has the added advantage of suppressing or reducing the tendenc to electrification dur ng the working of t e sized'yarns.

The size may be removed from the woven fabrics or other materials in any knownor suitable way, for example by scouring with a soap solution, with or without previous subjection to an acid solution.

It is further to be understood that the invention likewise includes the employment of the sizing solutions, compositions or preparations hereinbefore described, in or for any of the various applications or operations herein referred to.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Yarns adapted to be subjected to weaving, knitting or other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition containing asalt of a resinous acid and a fatty lubricating agent.

2. Yarns adapted to be subjected to .weaving, knitting or other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition comprising a white, water-insoluble, metal salt of a resin acid, and a fatty lubricating agent.

3. Yarns adapted to be subjected to weaving, knitting or other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition comprising calcium resinate and lard.

4. Yarns adapted to be subjected to weaving, knittingor other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition comprising a salt of a resinous acid, a fatty lubricating agent and a soap of a fatty acid.

5. Yarns adapted to be sub ected to weaving, knitting or other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition comprising a white, water-insoluble, metal salt of a resin acid, a fatty lubricating agent and a white, water-insoluble, metal soap of a fatty acid.

6. Yarns adapted to be subjected to weaving, knitting or other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition comprising calcium resinate, a fat and zinc oleate.

7 Yarns comprising filaments of cellulose acetate adapted to be subjected to weaving, knitting or other textile operations, sald yarn being sized with a composition com-.

prising a white, water-insoluble metal salt of a resin acid, and a fatty lubricating agent.

8. Yarns comprising filaments of cellulose acetate adapted to be subjected to weaving, knitting or other textile operations, said yarn being sized with a composition comprising a white, water-insoluble metal salt of a resin acid, a fatty lubricating agent, and a white, water-insoluble, metal soap of a fatty acid.

9. The process of preparing yarns for weaving, knitting and other textile operations, which consists in sizing them prior to weaving, knitting or other textile operations with a composition comprising a salt of a resin acid and a. fatty lubricating agent.

10. The process of preparing yarns for weaving, knitting and other textile operations, which consists in sizing'them prior to weaving, knitting or other textile operations wit h a composition comprising a white, water insoluble, metal salt of a resin acid, and a fatty lubricating agent.

11. The process of preparing arns for weaving, knitting and other textile operations, which consists in sizing them prior to weaving, knitting or other textile operations with a composition comprising a salt of a resin acid, a fattylubricating agent and a soap of a fatty acid.

12. The process of preparing yarns for weaving, knitting and other textile operations, which consists in sizing them prior to weaving, knitting or other textile operations with a composition comprising a white, water insoluble, metal salt of a resin acid, a fatty lubricating agent and a white, water insoluble, metal soap of a fatty acid.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names.

CHARLES FIELD RYLEY. GEORGE ALEC AWCOCK. 

